The Hijri calendar is made up of 12 months: Muharram, Safar, Rabi al-awwal, Rabi al-thani, Jumada al-awwal, Jumada al-thani, Rajab, Sha’ban, Ramadan, Shawwal, Dhul Qidah, Dhul Hijjah.Įvery month in the Hijri calendar is either 29 or 30 days. God did not create all these without a true purpose He explains His signs to those who understand.” The Islamic Months
#ISLAMIC CALENDAR MONTH HOW TO#
“It is He who made the sun a shining radiance and the moon a light, determining phases for it so that you might know the number of years and how to calculate time. These cycles are described by Allah in the Qur’an: This is because each lunar cycle usually lasts 29 days as opposed to 30 or 31 days in the solar cycle (movement of the sun) which is the cycle the Gregorian calendar follows. It has 12 months but unlike the Gregorian calendar, has only 354-355 days. That means that the placement of each month will differ from year to year. The Islamic calendar follows the movements of the moon, making it a lunar calendar. In Latin, AH denotes ‘Anno Hegirae’ which means ‘the year of the Hijra’. The year 2021 corresponds to the Islamic year 1443AH and AH stands for ‘After Hijra’. It was in Medina that the Prophet ﷺ and his companions established the first Islamic community or ‘ummah’ and so the Islamic calendar began from this occasion to mark the beginning of the foundations of Islam. (Friday), when the Messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him) performed his last and farewell pilgrimage to Makkah.The Islamic calendar is more commonly known as the ‘Hijri’ calendar because it began with Prophet Muhammad’s ﷺ Hijra or ‘migration’ from Mecca to Medina in 622AD due to persecution by Quraysh. The earliest date of Islamic calendar for which a Julian calendar date is exactly known is 9 th Dhu al-Hijjah, 10 AH, which corresponds to March 6, 632 C.E. However, if one wants a theoretical starting date for Islamic calendar (on the basis of purely lunar months without intercalation, counting backwards) then the first day of the first month i.e. as practiced in Arabia corresponded either April 18 or May 18, 622 C.E. Accordingly, first day of Muharram, 1 A.H. Different tribes were following different intercalations, so there was no uniform calendar.
However, the era between 1 st year to 10 th year of the Hijrah was not following this Islamic Calendar instead the prevailing practices of various kinds of intercalation was followed in Arabia at that time. The actual starting date for the Islamic Calendar was chosen (on the basis of purely lunar years, counting backwards) to be the first day of the first month (1 st Muharram) of the year of the Hijrah. The Arabic word Hajara means: to break off from the relations or abandon one’s own tribe.Īlthough, the Islamic calendar was introduced in the Christian Era of 632 AD by the Messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him), the beginning of the Islamic era for the count of Islamic years was considered and discussed during 639 AD, the time of the 4 th year of the Caliphate of Umar who declared that the most important event in establishing the roots of Islam in Medinah is Hijrah (Messenger’s migration from Makkah), therefore let it become the epoch of the era which happened in 622 AD. The word Hijrah has often been misrepresented by many writers Muslims and non-Muslim alike.
It was during the Messenger Muhammad’s (peace be upon him) last pilgrimage in the 10 th year of Hijrah (10 th year of his migration from Makkah to Medinah), that the decision to introduce a purely lunar Islamic Calendar was made. in Western languages from the latinized “Anno Hegirae” or more commonly known as “After Hijrah.” The Islamic (Hijri) calendar year is usually abbreviated A.H.
Jumada al-Ukhra (also known as Jumada al-Thaani).Jumada al-Ooola (also known as Jumada al-Awwal).The 12 months of the Islamic calendar are: Since the Islamic Lunar year has 12 lunar months, it is on an average, 11 days shorter than the (Gregorian) civil year, the Islamic year shifts earlier in each civil year by about 11 days.
There are 12 months in an Islamic year, which is either 354 days long or 355 days long, compared to (Gregorian) civil calendar year of 365 or 366 days. Hence, the month is either 29 days or 30 days. The Islamic calendar is based on lunar months, which begin when a thin new crescent Moon is actually sighted in the western sky after sunset within a day or so after the New Moon.
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